Mike Helmick - Upside Down Moon Australia DEBUNKED Flat Earth

Dear Mike Helmick,               

Fact check = You Fail
Your following statement and video demonstration do not at all prove any of your claims.  To the contrary, none stand up to real world natural evidence.  

"Why does the moon and stars really change orientation from different perspectives on Earth. Truth is, the only way for that to happen is for the Stars and moon to be directly above us"

FALSE.  As you will now see that can only happen on a globe Earth, rotating on a axis every 24-hours and orbiting the Sun once every year, so different constellation patterns are seen in the night sky at sunset throughout the year.  

Because the Earth rotates on an axis, the Little and Big Dipper constellations are seen in the northern hemisphere rotating around the North Pole point, while far down in the southern hemisphere they are not seen at all.  

This is just SIMPLE stuff.  Why can't you comprehend it?

Summary of section 1:
Since your video is concerned with the constellation Big Dipper, and why it is observed to be "upside down" in the southern hemisphere as opposed to "right side up" in the northern hemisphere, you need to understand that the Big Dipper is also seen "upside down" in the NORTHERN hemisphere.

So Mike Helmick, how does your flat Earth theory explain that?  

Summary of section 2:

At all northern latitude locations above +37°N, the Big Dipper can be seen in the sky without dipping BELOW the horizon.

Therefore, Big Dipper bowl can be spotted both "right side up" AND "upside down" in the northern hemisphere, for observers located between the North Pole and latitude +37°N, as in the city of Springfield, Missouri.  This phenomenon is due to the fact that the Earth's rotational axis in inclined (23.5°) with respect to the plane of our yearly orbit around the Sun and the position of the Big Dipper in the sky.

So south of +37°N latitude, Big Dipper cannot be seen "right side up, only " upside down" 

From the city of Caracas, Venezuela (latitude 10.5° north), 

From the city of Kampala, Uganda (latitude 0° 19' north), the North Star Polaris is seen directly on the horizon.  During the Earth's 24-hour rotation period it essentially does not move.   

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What we observe as reality (right side up AND upside down moon) is just not possible on a flat Earth


   

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Section 1:


Ursa Minor (Little Dipper) is at the top, and Ursa Major (Big Dipper) is at the bottom of this picture.  These are star arrangements as seen in the Northern Hemisphere night sky.  

Note the North Pole star Polaris, which is at the end of the Little Dipper handle.


   


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Now looking more closely at those two constellations.     

Ursa Minor, the Little Dipper...

The sky celestial position of the bowl stars are:

Kochab - Right Ascension (R.A.)  14h 50m 42.40s   AND   Declination (Dec.)  +74d 09` 19.7``
Pherkad - Right Ascension (R.A.)  15h 20m 43.75   AND   Declination (Dec.)  +71d 50` 02.3``
Anwar - Right Ascension (R.A.)  16h 17m 30.50s   AND   Declination (Dec.)  +75d 45` 16.9``
Ahfa - Right Ascension (R.A.)  15h 44m 03.46s   AND   Declination (Dec.)  +77d 47` 40.2  

   

   
12-hours later in the sky it looks like this...


   


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Ursa Major, the Big Dipper bowl portion points to the North Star, Polaris...

The sky celestial position of the bowl stars are:

Bubhe - Right Ascension (R.A.)  11h 03m 43.84s   AND   Declination (Dec.) +61d 45` 04.0`` 
Merak - Right Ascension (R.A.)  11h 01m 50.39s   AND   Declination (Dec.) +56d 22` 56.4``
Phecda - Right Ascension (R.A.)  11h 53m 49.74s   AND   Declination (Dec.) +53d 41` 41.0``
Megrez - Right Ascension (R.A.)  12h 15m 25.45s   AND   Declination (Dec.)  +57d 01` 57.4``

The southernmost star in the bowl of Ursa Major is Phecda, with a celestial declination of +53d 41` 41.0``


   


   

   
So what do these constellations look like in the Northern Hemisphere night sky?

As seen from Milwaukee, Wisconsin tonight (8/14/2017) at 23-h UT time evening.  Notice that the "bowl" of the Big Dipper is pointing UPWARD to the right.

A bit later it will point directly upward as it skims the horizon.  This is the view of the summer evening sky.


   


NOW - notice that by 12:30 pm in the afternoon (photo below) due to the Earth's rotation the constellations are now in a different position - Big Dipper (Ursa Major) bowls reversed, now pointing down.  This is the view of the summer daytime sky.  

So Mike Helmick, why is the view of the Big Dipper in the northern hemisphere evening sky reversed from summer to winter?


   


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Section 2:

Here is a summary of Earth latitudes where the Big Dipper can be seen

1) Upside down and also right site up,
2) Only upside down in the northern hemisphere areas because the Big Dipper bowl at lowest altitude for that location is BELOW the HORIZON. 

Here are the astronomy mathematical formulas that you can use to determine for any location of the Earth, what is the highest and lowest altitude above the horizon that a star can be ever seen there:

Highest altitude:

90° - (latitude) + (declination)  - this formula is good for polar stars where the answer is 90 or less only

If the above calculation is more than 90, use the following formula 

xx


Lowest altitude:

90 - ((90 - latitude of the observer) + (90 - star's declination coordinate})

 


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Section 3:

Here is the evidence to validate what was said in section 2 above.

Stellarium software, which is available to anyone for free, was used to make the screen shots.  Notice that location of the view is labeled at the bottom of each screen. 

Adelaide, Australia..

During these days in August, the Big Dipper is below the horizon with bowl upside down, during it's lowest point in the sky.


   


   



Punta Arenas, Chile...

   


   

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Update: April 2, 2021

Experience the Apollo 11, 13 and 17 missions in real time.
For those that say these events never happened, listen to the hundreds of hours of space-to-ground audio, see the pictures, video & voice from the surface during the walks, mission details - so please stop your DENIALS since you are just embarrassing yourself.

Apollo in Real Time

   

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Apollo 11

   


Included real-time elements:

• All mission control film footage
• All TV transmissions and onboard film footage
• 2,000 photographs
• 11,000 hours of Mission Control audio
• 240 hours of space-to-ground audio
• All onboard recorder audio
• 15,000 searchable utterances
• Post-mission commentary
• Astromaterials sample data

- - - 

Apollo 13

   


Included real-time elements:

• All mission control film footage
• All on-board television and film footage
• All Mission Control audio (7,200 hours)
• 144 hours of space-to-ground audio
• All on-board recorder audio
• Press conferences as they happened
• 600+ photographs
• 12,900 searchable utterances
• Post-mission commentary
• Onboard view reconstructed using Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter data

- - - 

Apollo 17


   


Included real-time elements:

• All mission control film footage
• All on-board television and film footage
• 302 hours of space-to-ground audio
• All on-board recorder audio
• 3,600+ photographs
• 35,800 searchable utterances
• Landing area reconstruction using Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter data
  
  
  

   
   

Other info...

Official NASA Apollo photo archives at...
Apollo Lunar Landing Missions:

Apollo 11 - Landed on Moon 20 July 1969, Sea of Tranquility, Returned to Earth 24 July 1969

Apollo 12 - Landed on Moon 19 November 1969, Ocean of Storms, Returned to Earth 24 November 1969

Apollo 14 - Landed on Moon 5 February 1971, Fra Mauro, Returned to Earth 9 February 1971

Apollo 15 - Landed on Moon 30 July 1971, Hadley Rille, Returned to Earth 7 August 1971

Apollo 17 - Landed on Moon 11 December 1972, Taurus-Littrow, Returned to Earth 19 December 1972

Apollo 11 Image Library
http://www.hq.nasa.gov/alsj/a11/images11.html

Apollo 12 Image Library
https://www.hq.nasa.gov/alsj/a12/images12.html

Apollo 14 Image Library
http://www.hq.nasa.gov/alsj/a14/images14.html

Apollo 15 Map and Image Library
https://www.hq.nasa.gov/alsj/a15/images15.html

Apollo 16 Map and Image Library
http://www.hq.nasa.gov/alsj/a16/images16.html

Apollo 17 Image Library
http://history.nasa.gov/alsj/a17/images17.html

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Posted on - August 14, 2017

Discussion at - https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC7ipUKERU0tzYFxALJBli4A/discussion

Video at..   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dUwdrzSNOZ8

kind regards, JonahTheScientist